Improvement in well-boring machines



2 Sheets-Sheet J. HAAS & J. MANNING.

Patented Jan. 29, 1878 Well-Boring Machine.

N. PETERS, PHOTO LITHOGRAFHEE WASHINGTON. D. C,

- nying drawings UNITED STATES PATENT -OFFIGE.

JEROME HAAS AllD JAMES MANNING, OF STOCKTON, CALIFORNIA.

IMPROVEMENT lN WELL-BORING MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent N0. 199,640, dated January29, 1878 application filed November 21, 1877.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JEROME HAAS and JAMES MANNING, of Stockton, countyof San Joaquin, State of California, have invented a Well-Boring-Machine; and we do hereby declare the following description andaccompaare sufficient to enable any person skilled in the art or scienceto which it most nearly appertains to make and use our said inventionwithout further invention or experiment. V

Our invention relates to an improved machine for boring wells and otherholes in the earth; and it consists of the devices and arrangementshereinafter described.

Referring to the drawings, Figure l is a vertical section of ourimproved well-boring machine. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of theboring-tubes, showing the manner of coupling the same. Fig. 3 is a topand side view of the cross -head and locking device. Fig. 4 is a top andsectional view of one of the coupling-pieces, showing the spring-bolt.Fig. 5 is a top and sectional view of the other coupling-piece.

The base of the frame consists of two parallel sills, A A, which areconnected at their middles by a cross plate or bar, B. An upright postor beam, 0, is secured upon each sill A, at each end of thecross-plateB, and the upper ends of these beams are connected by a crossplate or beam, D. This frame we place overthe spot where the well orother hole is to be bored. The lower cross-plate B has a hole, E,through its middle, which is as large as the casing of the well, and theboring implement and easing work down through it, as hereinafterdescribed.

Vertical guide-rods f f extend from the lower cross-plate B to the uppercross-plate D, one oneach side of the hole E. One of these rods, f, weuse not only as a guide-rod, but also as a driving-shaft; and for thisreason we prefer to make it square, simply'for convenience in attachingthe driving-wheel to it but itcould be made round, and the wheel couldmove 011 a feather along it, or both guide-rods could be made square.

We secure the pulley G, to which the power for driving the boring-augeris applied, upon the square rod or shaft f near its lower end, andtransmit the power to it by a belt-conned tion with the engine or otherpower used.

A toothed wheel, H, which has a hub or extension, h, on its lower side,has a square hole passing through it and its'extension, so that it canslide freely up and down along the square driving-shaft. G is a slidingcrosshead, which is arranged to move up and down the guide-rods ff, oneend moving on the round guideerod, while the opposite end is secured ina journal which is formed on the hub or extension h of the wheel H abovementioned, so that the wheel H and cross-head move together, and alwayspreserve the same position relative to each other, while the wheelhubrotates in the end of the cross-head.

A tube, I, passes vertically through a hole in the middle of thecross-head, and has a toothed wheel, J, secured horizontally upon itnear its upper end, so that the wheel will rest upon the cross-head, andat the same time engage with the toothed wheel H, so that the power androtary motion are transmitted by these wheels from the square shaft tothe tube I.

A short tube, K, of large diameter, is secured by a loose coupling-jointto the upper end of the tube I-above the wheel J, and this tube has atight-fitting cover, I. Upon the tube I, just below the cross-head,

we place a loose block, M, which has a flange,

m, projecting from its upper end. A short tube, N of a diametercorresponding with the outer circumference of this flange, is thenslipped on from below the tube I until its upper edge rests againsttheunder side of the flange, while the upper end of the well casing or tube0 fits against the lower edge of the tube N.

' The boring-tube P is connected to the lower end of the tube I by apeculiar coupling, which is described as follows: Q is that portion ofthe coupling which screws onto the lower end of the pipe I. It is ashort tube or nut with a projecting flange or rim, r, around its lowerend. A portion of this flange is cut, away on two opposite sides, anda'projection, S, extends out from the nut, on one side, above one ofthese cut-away spaces. A spring piston or bolt, t, is placed in thisside projection, so that it extends below the projection. The other partof the coupling which screws on the end of the boring-tube consists of ahead, U, which has hooks c projecting upward from two opposite sides. Tocouple these two parts together, the hooks o are passed up on each sideof the portion Q through the cut-away spaces, so as to press the pistonor bolt t upward until the hooks can be turned around over the flangesa". The piston or bolt t is then forced down by its spring, so as toserve as a stop to prevent the hooks from rotating past it. To uncouplethe parts, the springpiston is raised, so as to let the hooks pass underit, when it can be removed through the cut-away portions.

This coupling is very simple in construction, and is easily coupled anduncoupled. We use it for connecting all our rods by attaching the nut Qto one end and the part U to the other end of each section of theboring-rod. -Each section of the boring-rod we make of a large woodentube, which is made tapering at its ends, as shown in the drawings, andthe metal tube or liningto which the parts of the coupling are attachedprojects from its ends.

Our object in making these sections of a large diameter is todecrease'the area of the annular space between them and the casingtubewhich fits over them, for the purpose hereinafter specified.

The boring instrument or auger X is attached to the lower end of thelowermost section, and it can be made in any of the approved shapes andstyles; and as the entire boring-rod is rotated inside of the case ortubing 0, Iplace a loose wheel, Y, on the end tube of each section. Thiswheel is slightly larger in diameter than the body of the section, sothat it will prevent the body of the section from striking the casing.

The short tube N, which fits over the boringpipe, and against which theupper end of the casing-tube fits, has a spout or tube, Z,'projectingfrom it, while the tube Kat the top of the pipe I has a tube projection,T, onone side of it, as shown.

The tube projection T communicates with "the interior of theboring-pipe, while the tube projection Z communicates with the spacebetween the boring-pipe and well-casing. Our method of boring consistsin rotating the boring-pipe, so as to cause the auger X to cut'up theearth in the bottom of the bore,'while a stream of water is fed downagainst the earth, so as to loosen it and carry it off as fast as itisfree. The stream of water may be forced through the tubular projectionT, and down the boring-tube against the bottom of the bore, anddischarged upward through the annular space between the boring-tube andwell-casing, and escape through the spout or tube-Z; or, if preferred,it might be forced down through the well-casing by tube Z, and outthrough the spout T. The horizontal wheel Y, which prevents theboring-tube from coming in conhole E, we place a its hub-extension,sliding cross-head G, with its boring-tube I tact with the well-casing,we make with openin gs, as represented, so that the'water and ma;-terial willpass readily up through them.

Our object in making the sections which form the boring'pipe large indiameter is to reduce the area of the space between the boring-rod andwell-casing," and thus increase the water pressure or current to morenearly correspond with the area of the passage through the borin g-tube.

We shall usually force the water down outside of the boring-pipe anddischarge it up through the boring-pipe; and in order to assist thedischarge, we insert a steam-nozzle, T, through the tube K, opposite thedischargespout P, so that it will point into the discharge-spout, so asto form an injector. A steam-pipe connects with this nozzle T, and a jetof steam is forced into the discharge of the water and material, thuscreating a larger upward flow than that which passes down between theboring-tube and easing, thereby giving greater efiect to the current ofwater.

Upon the cross-plate B, on each side of the hydraulic jack, b, thepistons of which pull downward. The piston- "rods 0 we connect, bystrong chains or cables,

with ears or lugs g on the short cap-tube N, against which the upper endof well-casing fits, so that as the boring proceeds water will be forcedinto the hydraulic cylinders, so as to force the pistons downward, andthus draw the casing downward in the well. The end of this cross-head G,which clasps the round guide-rod f, is made'with a hinged portion,

Z, which can be thrown open, so as to release the end of the cross-headand permit it to be turned around from between the uprights.

This is necessary in order to attach new sections of boring-rod andwell-casing.

This machine is very simple in its construction and operation. We employsteam-power for-operating it, and its work is continuous. The water forloosening and discharging the material we supply by means of a pump orotherwise.

' Having thus described our invention, we

claim and desire to secure by Letters Pat- 1. The guide-rod f, mountedvertically as a shaft, and provided with the fixed drivingpulley G andsliding toothed wheel H, with in combination with the and toothed'wheelJ, one end of said crosshead having a bearing on the hub-extension ofthe wheel H, so that the wheel and crosshead move together,substantially as and for the purpose above specified.

2. The vertical tube I, mounted in the sliding cross-head G, andprovided with the coup ling-piece Q, at its lower end, and a closed box,K,.with its spout P, at its upper end, and having the-flanged block Mand tube N below the cross-head, in combination with the extensibleboring sectional tubes P and wellcasing 0, all combined and arranged tooperate substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. The boring tube sections P, having a large diameter and reduced ends,substantially as and for the purpose described.

4., The improved rod or tube coupling consisting of the part Q, with itsflange or rim 1' cut away, as described, and' having the projection S,with its spring bolt or piston t, in combination with the head U, withits opposite hooks o, substantially as and for the purpose described.

5. The loose block M, with its fiangem, carried upon the tube I, incombination with the short tube N, with its spout Z and well-casing,substantially as and for the purpose described.

6. The hydraulic jack 12, secured upon the cross-plate B, in combinationwith the short tube N, with its lugs or ears m, and the connectingchains or cables, substantially as and for the purpose described.

In witness whereof we have hereunto set our hands and seals.

JEROME HAAS. [L.s]

JAMES MANNING. [L. s]

Witnesses:

PHILIP B. FRASER, H. H. HEWLETT.

